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[OLS]We
have been producing maps of global lighting activity derived from the
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan
System (OLS) sensor. Initially, we used the analog film strips archived
at the National Snow and Ice Data Center located at CIRES/University
of Colorado. Lightning signatures appear as horizontal streaks in the
smoothed (2.5 km) nighttime visible band imagery. A human analyst would
hand digitize these streaks and record the latitude, longitude, and
time of the lightning discharge. For example, the 1986 annual lightning
distribution is derived from more than 40,000 orbits (film strips).
(Reference: Goodman, S. J. and H. J. Christian, 1993: Global Observations
of Lightning, in "Atlas of Satellite Observations related to Global
Change," Gurney, Foster, and Parkinson, ed., Cambridge University
Press, 191-219). In 1991-1992 the film archive transitioned to a digital
archive, also located at the University of Colorado and the National
Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). We have recently succeeded in developing
and implementing a neural network and pattern recognition algorithm
that automatically extracts the lightning discharge time and location
(primarily from the F10 and F12 satellites). We are using these data
bases to extend our observations into the mid 1990s. We are also inter-comparing
these lightning distributions to those derived from observations made
by the recently launched NASA Optical Transient Detector. This instrument
was a prototype for the EOS Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) that was
launched on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). In addition,
we can compare the occurrence of lightning with the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager
(SSM/I) indications of rainfall and precipitation sized ice using the
multispectral passive microwave frequencies. These data sets have been
requested and used by atmospheric chemists studying NOx budgets and
transport (lightning is a significant natural source of NOx) and by
atmospheric physicists and meteorologists interested in the natural
variability of thunderstorms.
The data on this page represent
observations at local midnight from the Operational Linescan System.
This system was only capable of detecting lightning during night.
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- 1973,
1977, 1978
- 1985,
1986, 1987, 1988,
1989
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1991, 1994, 1995,
1996
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1973 |
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1977
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September-December
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September
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September-December
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1978
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January-August
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January-August
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1985 |
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May-June
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1986 |
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Yearly
[279 Strips 5071 Points]
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January
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Yearly
[3784 Strips 60682 Points]
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January
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1987 |
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January-October
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January
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January-October
[2092 Strips 30634 Points]
» January-October
MPEG [2092 Strips 30634 Points]
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January
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1988 |
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1990 |
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Yearly
[13 Strips 381 Points]
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Yearly
[270 Strips 3089 Points]
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January
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1991 |
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Yearly
[10 Strips 146 Points]
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January
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Yearly
[155 Strips 1683 Points]
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1994 |
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1995 |
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May-November
[8009 Strips 53372 Points]
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May
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1996 |
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